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在证券行业中,Trader 和 Dealer 有什么区别? - 知乎

在证券行业中,Trader 和 Dealer 有什么区别? - 知乎首页知乎知学堂发现等你来答​切换模式登录/注册证券在证券行业中,Trader 和 Dealer 有什么区别?关注者37被浏览38,733关注问题​写回答​邀请回答​好问题​添加评论​分享​3 个回答默认排序Akinlee​ 关注Dealer: Buying and selling securities for their own account, on business basisBroker: Executing orders on behalf of its clientsTrader: Buying and selling securities for their own account, but not on business basis.发布于 2015-09-13 04:23​赞同 13​​3 条评论​分享​收藏​喜欢收起​林熙程国际财务管理专业​ 关注Dealer,常译作“自营商” ,自身拥有一定数量的股票,可用自有资金进行股票交易,盈亏自负。利润来源主要是买卖股票的差价。Broker, 译作“经纪人”,在市场中匹配买方与卖方,赚取交易完成的佣金。Dlear的角色有点像买卖汽车的独立商,可以向客人收购二手汽车,同时也可以向客人出售店里各种二手车。Broker就跟地产经纪一样,主要是联系买卖方以达成交易,从交易额中按比例赚取佣金。发布于 2013-04-05 17:50​赞同 17​​1 条评论​分享​收藏​喜欢收起​​

日内交易员 (Day Trader) 的工作体验是怎样的? - 知乎

日内交易员 (Day Trader) 的工作体验是怎样的? - 知乎首页知乎知学堂发现等你来答​切换模式登录/注册期货交易投机量化交易日内交易员日内交易员 (Day Trader) 的工作体验是怎样的?在美国市场上有很多人做 Day Trader,感觉很累,但是很刺激。想问问有没有做过的人说说工作的体验是怎样的? 你还在这一行做吗?如果不是,为什么离…显示全部 ​关注者3,554被浏览764,994关注问题​写回答​邀请回答​好问题 30​1 条评论​分享​52 个回答默认排序匿名用户我本科毕业去美国留学前做过一段时间美股日内 那个时候还没有知乎 入行的打鸡血都是靠高山的那本书,忘记叫啥名字了。刚入行还蛮兴奋的,我们用的好像是SwiftTrade的系统,多少手,买卖都有快捷键,然后看着time & sales刷来刷去觉得酷得不得了。后来这些花头过了也觉得就这么回事。那个时候入行都教刷单,2000刀毕业,毕业就靠它,记得那时候花旗还只有3块多4块。 至于趋势交易,人人都知道趋势好,刷单暗盘只是暂时的不知啥时候就失效。但趋势没人会,也没人教。有个大哥头铁,硬是用自己刷单的盈利填趋势的学费,结果搞了一年多还是没出来。后来出国学金融工程,毕业后辗转到了一家投行的algo trading desk。做一些很奇怪的策略。同时也会有很多flow/basket进来让我们用vwap/twap什么的慢慢在市场里建仓或者清仓。这时才看明白,所谓的刷单,只是人肉做市的变种而已。 所谓暗盘,就是嗅探投行的建仓行为然后pump and dump. 后来市场上HFT多了第一种机会就少了, 而我们这边自动执行算法迭代优化了不少次,也不像最开始那么明显地能被人嗅探出建仓的迹象了。 更何况后来各大行都搞了dark pool, 反正就是迹象更隐秘了。这么多年,市场来说利润来源越单一,逻辑越明确的策略,其曲线就越好看;但其有效时间就越短。 刷单是这样,暗盘是这样,后来国内的股指期货套利是这样,再后来的比特币套利也是这样。这种类型的短线策略是捞偏门,抓住了波动特征就猛赚。无效了就停掉。如果总是做这种策略,首先要有运气有实力在那么多偏门里发现一两个规律,然后赶紧实盘捡钱。 接下来就必须不断衡量策略是否失效,然后不断开发新策略,时间就是一切,如果没有在对的时间用上对的资金,曲线也就是纸上的曲线而已。如果这个规律失效了,而你没有新的规律顶上去,你作为交易员的生涯也结束了。美股日内给我的感觉很大程度就是这样吧。而有些策略,比如趋势策略,段位高的时候周期拉长一点的时候,利润来源是相对稳定的。但是代价是夏普率的降低和曲线回撤增大。周期到一定级别,有些人会根据基本面信息再打个补丁来过滤机会。 这就是另外一个故事了。这行其实挺苦的,有时候真正厉害的反而是啥也不顾冲着赚钱来的,大心脏敢打敢秀。 反而有些人比如说我,总是要想明白逻辑自洽然后才落子,于是一步慢,步步慢。不过我也看开了,我喜欢思考这些东西,带着朝闻道的心态去前进就好。编辑于 2018-10-23 20:36​赞同 282​​49 条评论​分享​收藏​喜欢收起​安泽同个人的努力加历史的进程​ 关注先说一下,可能我的观点会和楼上部分朋友的不太一样。所以,我觉得有必要先介绍一下各自的背景。公司背景不同,公司赚钱的模式也很不一样,Day trader的各自感受、看法当然也会有很大出入。以下仅代表个人的看法。目前在一家算是global的公司做Day Trader。我们这个trading firm属于prop shop。公司大老板做了几十年的交易员,算是很出色,从最开始在LSE的trading floor上做open outcry,到后来开始做clearing,再把公司开到欧美亚非四洲(算上clearing加起来应该有接近20个office),其实还是得感叹一下,这个犹太人,挺厉害的。公司去年在肯尼亚,对,你没看错,在非洲还开了一个office,今年在大陆中部地区又开了一个新的office。公司具体利润我也不清楚,但有一点应该可以清楚,公司发展十多年,一直以来还是很健康向上的。这恐怕和楼上普遍唱衰的主流声音背道而驰。下文我会简单讲讲,不同的公司盈利理念不一样,所导致的结果将会是会有那么一小部分公司愈发壮大起来,重要的是得随着市场、技术、经济周期的改变自身做出相应的调整。我个人认为,我们公司经营理念还是非常精明的,并且我认为这些是可以复制的。先按照楼上一部分朋友的思路也来唱衰一下Day trader吧。确确实实,随着algorithm trading越来越多,做day trading越来越难赚钱了。这点从你的无效round turn、P/L上非常直接的表现出来。机器人总是比你快,比你假,比你更能知道现在绝大部分的市场参与者他们所做的操作。做day trading基本上意味着在前面一两年,你只能够做出当前市场上看过去的最佳操作,做中长线公司可能不允许,自己可能也还不具备那个实力。最主要的是,Day trading相对hedge fund等一些大哥来说,hold长线所获得回报显得太可怜了。再加上目前全球市场都处在回暖期,各个国家都维持在低利率,市场想过来说太死寂了(我目前做的是一些利率期货产品,所以对于类似于US 10 year treasure这类东西有一些了解)。同时这一行也是年轻人干的一行,紧张刺激,所承受的压力,也是常人难以想象的。工作的前一年里,女朋友对我说,可以在你下班后一眼看出你今天是亏钱了还是赚钱了。这应该是Day trading对人心理、业余生活影响的最好写照了。最坑的应该是时差,我们做Aisa market相对来说还好,那些做欧美的可能真的有点拿命换钱的意思了。另一方面,有些市场,比如我们市场,是几乎24小时的,在中国做trading意味着当美国出点什么情况的时候,你还在呼呼大睡,这对Day trading应该是致命的了。以上应该大致讲了一下我所做的day trading不好的地方。下面我再讲讲一些day trading 诱人的地方吧,中间我也会穿插一些我们公司一些比较独特的理念。先来谈谈存活率吧。可能整个trading行业,确实如 @TemetNosce等排名靠前的几位回答的一样,非常低。具体数据我没有,淘汰率达到90%也是有可能的。但是我怀疑的是,这种类型的公司,这么轻易的招一个人进来,如 @Mr.Crain所说的,没社保没底薪,公司招人的成本如此低,当然流动性会非常大。我认为并不是所有的公司是这样的,尤其是好的公司,招一个交易员会非常非常的谨慎,至少我们公司是。而且,也可以给一个我们公司大概的比例。我们product相对存活率高一些,同一批进去的十个人,现在只走了一个,其他都在较为稳定的在盈利,只不过赚的也不多。就我粗略的估计公司因为交易水平不够被淘汰的(其他原因离职不算,类似继续念书、随男友移居等原因)大概在30-40%。总之存活率吧应该是远远高于5%10%这种水平的。其实公司里面,大部分的员工学历背景还是过得去吧,大部分都是985吧(感觉+HR洗脑……),TP也有不少,更牛逼的也有Oxford、Harvard、MFE of Princeton,整个trading floor上大家相处的还是蛮愉快的。所以存活率这点还是得看公司是以什么方式招人。我们公司会有一轮笔试三轮面试,再对学历背景会做一定考虑。公司会提供一个和普通工作差不多的base(相对一部分工作来说可能会少一些),社保、商业保险这些都是有的,算是比较正规的吧。再来谈谈收入。这点恐怕是大家很关心的。trading这一行不稳定性应该是最大弊端吧。office里有人去年150W rmb(提成后,税前),今年几乎没怎么赚钱。其他office也有1million刀甚至几million刀(提成前)的,一年下来也相当可观吧。但是,请记住一点,拿top performance来比较,没有太大意义。现在一个好的产品经理或者好的银行客户经理赚这么多也是常见的,甚至据说在链家卖房子,那会儿行情好的一年都一百多万,别人还是中专毕业,这怎么能比啊?因为我之前是念EE的,所以很多同学朋友在BAT,据我的了解,我们公司的Average 水平(工作两年后),应该可以领先同等学历的人一两年左右吧。这个也和各个公司bonus比例有很大的关系。具体也不深究,感觉做day trader,若是你是较好的学校理工科毕业,一般收入都还不错。Day trading入门门槛较低,说到底也就是一个低买高卖,当然期间种种fundamental、technical analysis必不可少,反应快也是必备之一。对于我没有金融背景,转入金融行业,是一个可行但也有缺陷的途径。好像扯远了……再来聊一聊很多朋友提的量化交易吧。从我主观的推断,在一部分答友中,感觉day trading已经没有任何前途,应该赶紧随大流转去做量化。但从我的角度来看,好的量化门槛会非常高,也不是想进就能进的。于此同时,我们公司也有不少MFE的,但是可能也是没找到合适的工作吧。并且,在当前中国的金融圈,做量化恐怕无论背景还是技术,都落后远远一大截吧。这一块自己没太了解,只是感觉量化确实在影响绝大部分市场的时候,day trading或许也会转型,去赚一些quant赚不到的钱,当然这些钱对比那些会少很多,但是做好了,应该会比码农多不少吧(不是黑码农,只是觉得码农的薪资水平是一个比较好的benchmark)。再来简单说一说公司盈利理念不一样的地方。说句心里话,感觉公司还是很抠的,提成比例不高,招来一堆local talented,赚的钱大部分给它,他还做清算公司赚你的手续费,实在是有点坑。从每一个trader的角度来看,这实在是很差劲;但是站在一个想要从金融行业中获得稳定且增长的利润的犹太人角度来看,又不失为一种精明的手法。具体的还是不吐槽了,只能先强大自己再去改变环境。大家对day trader苦逼的地方说了不少,我倒也想说说它好的地方。第一,你会很自由。大家都是在搬砖,其实相比较投行咨询那种一个有一个的deadline,我们还是比较自由的。当你心情不好,老板会鼓励你不要交易,好好休息。你觉得最近太累,每天上班来刷个指纹,然后在座位上刷一天知乎也是可以的。当然,你要想赚钱,当然得付出努力得一直待在市场中,看见趋势来了抓住一笔,其实真的可能是别人一个月的工资,几分钟的事。但风险和收益成正比,你也有可能欠公司这么多钱。第二,同事环境氛围不错。大家各赚各的钱,当然有时候还是会羡慕一下的。每周打一次德州。办公室政治比较少。只是遇到risk比较紧的老板,你会有点tough。第三,就是周末永远双休!!!加上从今天开始的圣诞节假期,你会发现,还是蛮滋润的。总之,行行有本难念的经,只能不断攫取工作给你带来的利益,这样你的每一天才会成长。给大家po几张我们的trading floor,并且继续和大家聊一聊我所认为的prop trading的可能的发展方向。------------------------------------分割线,第一次更新----------------------------------------------感谢大伙儿的赞!能和很多朋友交流实在难得,后悔自己不应该先前一直潜水。感触很深,现在不仅仅是隔行如隔山,同行里面cover不同领域的朋友所了解的都千差万别实在是觉得大家应该多交流互助。等在知乎多待一阵子,想找一个可行的平台,来促进咱们这些喜欢交易的人互相之间的交流和信息共享。有一点毫无疑问的:中国金融行业未来十年必将迎来翻天覆地,我想我们可以做点什么的。言出必行,po张我们trading floor上的图吧。其实也没大家想象的那么神秘,就是屏幕很多。只不过那些有钱的trading firm真叫是一个高逼格啊!可以去看看:Jane Street另外,有朋友问我现在有哪些好一点的trading firm。这个网站有一个我觉得还蛮全的,大家可以去看看。Proprietary Trading Firms 可惜的是现在大陆很少有这些公司的office,我们公司算是list为数不多的公司在大陆有office的。我们公司其他office的trading floor:(照片删了)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------朋友圈里看到一个我们公司的介绍,还挺全的……http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA3MzMwODcyNA==&mid=203743265&idx=3&sn=5bc7b5cbcb99a37daf9bf2691b77430e&scene=2#rd编辑于 2016-12-16 00:08​赞同 278​​99 条评论​分享​收藏​喜欢

交易员 (Trader) 和投资组合经理 (Portfolio Manager) 的工作有什么差别? - 知乎

交易员 (Trader) 和投资组合经理 (Portfolio Manager) 的工作有什么差别? - 知乎首页知乎知学堂发现等你来答​切换模式登录/注册投资组合交易员交易员 (Trader) 和投资组合经理 (Portfolio Manager) 的工作有什么差别?交易员在工作中都有多大的自由度?还是说照单执行? --- 本题来自知乎圆桌 » 资金,市场,交易员 ,更多交易员话题欢迎关注讨论。显示全部 ​关注者716被浏览186,873关注问题​写回答​邀请回答​好问题 3​添加评论​分享​20 个回答默认排序Alexander LiPortfolio Manager/价值投资者​ 关注谢 @Vas Brandon邀请。交易员 (Trader) 和投资组合经理 (Portfolio Manager) ,拿这两者比较其实并不十分合适。因为这两个称谓的出发点并不相同,具体说明如下:交易员 (Trader) 从字面上看就是做交易的人了。具体职责上面有些答案已经提到了,如execution trader, flow trader和 prop trader。所以很多交易员并不能称为投资经理(Portfolio Manager) ,这点上面的答案也有所提及。顺带提一句,trader跟dealer还是存在明显区别的,国内混用误用蛮多,感兴趣的可以自行Google,这里就不多说了。投资组合经理 (Portfolio Manager) 从字面上看就是负责组合 (Portfolio)的投资配置或者资金配置了。就二级市场而言,低买高卖是获利之本,买卖就涉及了交易 (Trade),那投资组合经理 (Portfolio Manager) 被认为是一种trader也是合情合理的。而有些PM,他从一级市场或者二级市场上拿到头寸,就不再进行调仓,一直持有到组合到期(比如基金管理合同约定期限或者债券到期等)或者是严格被动型的指数追踪ETF,他就可以认为并不是trader。所以,这两个称谓有所交集,也有相对独立的部分。举个类比例子来说明。一个菜市场中有各种各样的生意人,他们买卖蔬菜(交易,trade),有些只买卖一种蔬菜(T 非PM),有些是替老板看铺子买卖蔬菜的(T 非PM),有些亲自上阵,买卖几种蔬菜(T & PM)。而有些买家,按比例直接购置了他一辈子所用的蔬菜,制作成萝卜干,酸菜等食品,再也没有出现在市场上(非T PM)。还有些买家,例如蔬菜沙拉公司,永远只买不卖,对于以蔬菜为媒介而言是永远的买方,不是trade(交易包含买卖,只买不卖不算,如果以金钱为媒介则是trade),也可以看做非T PM。总结来说,交易员 (Trader) 和投资组合经理 (Portfolio Manager) 确切地说是命名出发点不相同。一个侧重于行为(交易),一个着重于资金的投资方式(配置,偏长期)。编辑于 2015-08-30 07:22​赞同 102​​3 条评论​分享​收藏​喜欢收起​Hao Dong宏观对冲基金经理​ 关注不同的机构的定义是不一样的。trader的称呼针对各类金融和交易机构,银行,基金,或者贸易商。基本可以分execution trader, flow trader, 和 prop trader三种。第一种就是纯下单的,主要保证指令的迅速完成吧,第二种其实又叫dealer,一般做market making然后头寸尽量hedge掉,第三种一般可以拿比较大的头寸,专注于几个品种吧。portfolio manager这个称呼针对的是基金。不同的strategy工作都不一样,一般来说得起到一个宏观把握和风险控制的能力。国内对于broker,dealer,trader的混用比较严重,很多人的头衔都是交易员,不过和这个总那个总一样,东方文化么,头衔怎么好听怎么叫发布于 2014-04-02 13:01​赞同 29​​添加评论​分享​收藏​喜欢

Trader是什么意思_Trader的翻译_音标_读音_用法_例句_爱词霸在线词典

er是什么意思_Trader的翻译_音标_读音_用法_例句_爱词霸在线词典首页翻译背单词写作校对词霸下载用户反馈专栏平台登录Trader是什么意思_Trader用英语怎么说_Trader的翻译_Trader翻译成_Trader的中文意思_Trader怎么读,Trader的读音,Trader的用法,Trader的例句翻译人工翻译试试人工翻译翻译全文简明柯林斯牛津Trader英 [ˈtreɪdə(r)]美 [ˈtreɪdər]释义[人名] 特雷德大小写变形:traderTRADER点击 人工翻译,了解更多 人工释义实用场景例句全部商人商船交易者small/independent/local traders小的 / 独立的 / 当地的商人牛津词典bond/currency traders债券 / 货币交易人牛津词典Market traders display an exotic selection of the island's produce.集市上的商贩摆出了一系列具有异域风味的该岛农产品以供选择。柯林斯高阶英语词典…a fur trader.皮货商柯林斯高阶英语词典A trader preoccupied with indicators quickly reaches the point of diminishing returns.交易者的指标太多,最终是收益越来越少.期刊摘选The old man was a trader in tea.那老头曾是茶商.《简明英汉词典》What quality do you believe is the most important factor in being a successful Forex trader?要想在汇市中获利,您认为最重要的是 什么 ?期刊摘选He was a foxy old trader.他是个老奸商.《现代英汉综合大词典》This requires a trader to cut his positions when volatility rises.这一方法要求交易员在波动性增强时平掉自己的头寸.期刊摘选China is the civilization ancientwith long history, already crossed civilized times early in trader week period.中国是历史悠久的文明古国, 早在商周时期便已跨入了文明时代.期刊摘选He bought also a bolt of the finest silk from a Chinese trader.他还从中国商人那里买了一卷上等丝绸.期刊摘选Now we're getting down the very core of what ails the typical trader.现在我们谈到了重点,让典型的交易者头痛的是什么.期刊摘选To become a computerized trader, you must choose a computer, trading software, and source of data.要利用电脑做交易, 你必须选择电脑, 交易软件和波动软件.期刊摘选He disguised himself as a tea trader.他把自己装扮成一个茶叶商.期刊摘选A serious trader is ahead of the game because he does his homework day in andout.认真的交易者总是走在游戏的前面,因为他每天都在做功课.期刊摘选A value trader who feels he is missing those spectacular moves has a choice.价值交易者觉得自己错过了大波动.期刊摘选Have established good partnership relation with the foreign travelling trader.与国外客商建立了良好的合作伙伴关系.期刊摘选The dishonest trader tried to plant a faked picture on me.奸商企图把一幅假画卖给我.期刊摘选As a trader, he had taken clients regularly to Del Frisco's, a steakhouse in Midtown Manhattan.作为一名交易员, 他经常在曼哈顿中城的牛排餐厅DelFrisco's招待自己的客户.期刊摘选Credit is everything to a trader.信用对于商人来说至关重要.《简明英汉词典》He had not expected a Goboton trader to be anything but crushed by such a proposition.他万没料到,一个戈博托商人居然没有被这个建议吓倒.辞典例句This trader persuaded me into buying his goods.这个商人说服我买了他的货物.期刊摘选He began an apprenticeship as wholesale trader.他开始当批发商人的学徒.期刊摘选The trader was obstinate in the negotiation.这个商人在谈判中拗强固执.《现代汉英综合大词典》It is never possible to know everything about anything. A commodity trader is in constant danger.没有人人能够做到万事皆知. 从事期货交易总要面临危险.期刊摘选Be in as the foreign trader China invest competition begin.随着外商在华投资竞争的开展.期刊摘选The trader was truthful and without deceit.这位商人很可信,童叟无欺.《简明英汉词典》A trader said gold sold briskly on the local market.一个商人说当地市场上黄金热销。柯林斯例句Finance for a sole trader usually comes from the individual's own savings or from family and friends.个体户的资金通常来自个人积蓄或者来自亲朋好友。柯林斯例句收起实用场景例句真题例句全部四级六级Around 800 A.D., people in Central Asia managed to develop a new kind of carrot—a purple carrot—that attracted more interest from international traders.出自-2017年6月听力原文trillion China holds in reserve, currency traders have a heart attack.出自-2012年12月阅读原文In what circumstances do currency traders become scared出自-2012年12月阅读原文收起真题例句英英释义Noun1. someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold收起英英释义释义实用场景例句真题例句英

交易员_百度百科

百度百科 网页新闻贴吧知道网盘图片视频地图文库资讯采购百科百度首页登录注册进入词条全站搜索帮助首页秒懂百科特色百科知识专题加入百科百科团队权威合作下载百科APP个人中心交易员播报讨论上传视频通过买卖获得价差利润的职业收藏查看我的收藏0有用+10交易员是一门通过买卖获得价差利润的职业。交易员可以指操盘人员(Trader),也可以指造市商代表(Dealer)。作为交易者、操盘手(Trader)是一般的交易机构或个人,对交易机构可以是个被委托者。其可以进行股票、期货等金融品种的买卖操作。虽然银行外汇交易员也用Dealer这个英语词,但是Dealer还有赌场庄家和金融市场扮演一般交易人对手的造市商(Dealer)的意思。中文名交易员外文名Trader别    名操盘手代表人物杰西·李弗莫尔 交易标的股票 期货 外汇 期权等目录1定义2交易准则3交易细则4相关新闻定义播报编辑一般地,交易员就是在交易中充当被委托人或者替对方交易的人。投放买入或卖出定单,希望能从中赚取差价(利润)。与之不同的是,经纪人是一个人或公司作为中间人为买卖双方牵线搭桥而收取佣金。优秀的交易员是银行、证券公司(投资银行)、上市公司、基金、专业交易公司最舍得花重金招募的人才,因为交易员的水准对公司的业绩影响是巨大的。法国兴业银行与英国巴林银行因为交易员的违规操作而蒙受巨大损失。很多投行,Trading都是最赚钱的业务。例如,高盛Trading的收入占总收入的60%。交易员分为日内交易员和非日内交易员两类。非日内交易员跟国内股票交易很相似,因为中国的股票实行的是T+1,不过国内只能做多,而在国外做多做空都没有限制(做多做空很形象,做多是先买入待涨,做空是先卖出待跌);在这主要说下日内交易员,因为国内大部分人对这很陌生。日内交易员主要是靠抓住一天之内的小波动来获取价差利润,也就是通过多次T+0操作,积累利润。交易准则播报编辑1、顺势而为趋势是交易员的朋友,只有追随趋势才能赚大钱。2、严格止损资金是交易员的生命,每笔单子都只有严格止损了,才能在真正的行情来临时有头寸可用。3、资金管理交易员应该根据自己的胜率和盈亏比等因素做好科学的资金管理。请记住:在任何时候都不要满仓,如果满仓操作,即使严格止损了,长期下来也会亏损。交易细则播报编辑一、主动性原则。用自己的“主动”进出,把期货交易的风险(赢亏)控制在自己的眼皮子底下。实现了期货赢亏由“自己说了算”!二、微分化原则。把赢利、亏损和持仓的时间都“微分化”(特别是亏损),都控制在价差的几元钱之内。持仓时间最长的,就几分钟;最短的,就2--3秒钟。果断进出,决不以任何理由长时间拖延持有亏损的单子。例如,小麦价从1730涨到1731,仅跳动1个价位(也就是涨了1元钱,这相当于股票涨了1分钱),超过小麦的交易手续费,你就要准备平仓。三、独立性原则。这一笔交易,它只是这一笔的,无论它是亏是赢,都与下一笔的交易毫不相关。你不能因为上一笔交易的盈亏或进出价格的高低,而影响到下一笔交易的果断进出。四、客观性原则。做当日短线,最不能容忍的就是:头脑中事先就“主观”地认定了当日行情是涨(或是跌)。主观地认定今天只能做多或只能做空,这是短线炒手不能有的错误思维。正确的做法是:不管基本面如何、消息面如何、主力是如何、价格是太高是太低、持单是赢是亏、技术指标是否背离等等,对这些都要统统不与理睬!你只能一心一意客观地“紧紧地跟随”当时盘面(眼前的)价格波动情况”做单。五、赢亏相当原则。“赢亏相当”是指,由于我们是“微分化交易”,因此我们每一笔交易的赚和赔的金额大体都会是相等的。我们之所以能赚钱,是靠“概率”来取胜的。假定我们的每一笔赚钱和每一笔赔钱是一样多,而我们当天共交易了100次,其中有70次是赚的,30次是赔的,那么我们的这一天就是赚了。每天只算总帐的盈亏。当然你最好能力争把每一笔交易的亏损数控制在上一笔交易的赢利数之内就更好了。换一句话说就是,假如你上一笔交易赚了20元,那么你这一笔的交易最大亏损额就只能是20元,还没有亏到20元,你就应该提前止损了。六、停止交易原则。也可能你今天一上来就交易的很不顺手,老是亏,连着几笔都是亏。那么当你亏到某个数时,一到这个数,你就坚决平仓关机走人,立即停止今天的任何交易。这个原则就可以帮助你绝对不会出现一天中连续的大赔。七、亏损时不加仓不加量原则。许多人在持有了亏损单的时候,不是采取立即“主动”退出的原则,而是用资金去“死扛”,并且还不断的加码。这是最愚蠢的做法!最后大赔或暴仓的大都是这些人!八、单量相对稳定原则。无论你的资金有多大,只做一个固定的手数。不要因交易顺手情况好就多做几手,看情况差就少做几手。九、不持仓过夜的原则。无论什么时候、什么情况下,也无论是否盈亏,每天一到收盘前,你都要一律“全部平仓”,无论赚赔,明天再说。这样你就可以把期货的隔夜大风险全都避开掉!你就可以轻轻松松地把输赢的主动权掌握在自己手中。十、第一时间原则。只在价格转向的第一时间入市。没有踏准节拍的、过了第一时间的就不追了。要耐心等待第二个转向点的机会。相关新闻播报编辑彭博社周二报道,据五家银行做市商爆料,多家全球主要银行的交易员已操纵现货汇率至少长达十年,这改变了数万亿美元投资的价值。所涉及的汇率基准包括WM/Reuters Closing Spot Rates,该汇率为投资组合估值提供每日基准。英国监管机构正考虑对汇率操纵行为指控进行调查。 [1]全球基准汇率WM/Reuters被操控彭博的报道显示,被操纵的基准汇率为WM/Reuters,该汇率指数诞生于1994年,为基金管理者提供标准化的汇率指数来计算每日的资产净值。该基准汇率分为即期收盘和远期收盘两个品种,一些全球主要的股票和债券指数供应商(比如英国富时FTSE和MSCI)均把WM/Reuters汇率纳入其中作为计算因子,因此很小的汇率波动,都可以影响大约3.6万亿美元追踪各类指数的基金投资价值,从养老基金到结构性理财存款帐户无一幸免。报道称,多名现任和前任交易员指出,这些银行的雇员们通过在指标确定的60秒窗口期之前发起大量交易来试图控制被称为WM/路透利率的一组基准指标,并进行超前交易来盘剥客户订单的应得利润。由于最后的定盘汇率是基于这60秒内所有交易的中间值来计算的,因此数个规模较小的交易指令可能比一个大规模的交易单带来的影响要大。交易员们将交易指令的细节与经纪商和其它做市商的交易员分享,这将使得他们可以集聚力量让WM/Reuters基准指数朝着理想的方向变化。一些交易员表示,这种策略更适用于一些交易范围较小的货币,但依旧有风险。比如在最后60秒窗口期发生一些突发新闻,一些交易头寸较大的银行可能将该指数推回相反的方向。由于这种行业做法的争议性,消息来源都要求保持匿名。有两个从业超过20年的消息来源称,很多经纪商通过与行业对手合作来增加操控利率的机会。两个交易员表示,这种行为每天都在现货外汇交易市场发生,持续至少有十年时间了,影响了大量基金和金融衍生品的价值。一名交易员表示这种策略风险很大,他只有在清楚地了解其它银行头寸规模和客户交易量大小的情况下才会去尝试。通常情况下,大概需要下单超过2亿欧元才有可能让该汇率指数出现变化。英国金融市场行为监管局(FCA)准备展开调查此前,欧洲最大的基金管理公司过去曾向英国监管机构抱怨过WM/Reuters可能存在被操纵的可能,当前英国金融市场行为监管局(FCA)正在准备对此展开调查。报道称,在三家主要银行因为操控伦敦银行同业拆借利率而被罚款25亿美元之后,金融市场行为监管局已经和世界各地的监管机构一起试图对基准指标的公正性进行评估,其中也包括了这些用于确定衍生品和大宗商品价格的利率指标。监管机构还同时针对原油市场以及掉期市场所使用的基准指标展开了调查。金融市场行为监管局发言人回应有关WM/路透利率的问题时表示,“监管局已经知道了这些指控,也已经和相关各方进行了讨论。”外汇交易所和货币市场交易商行会组织ACI在周三的一份声明中指出,已经在2月的一份指引中提醒会员,经纪商不应该“利用机密信息获利或者寻求利用机密信息获利”。总部位于巴黎的ACI在超过60个国家拥有13000名会员。一名在银行工作超过12年的资深交易员将外汇市场形容为野蛮而荒凉的西部(Wild West)。日均交易量达到4.7万亿美元的外汇市场是金融体系内最大的市场,也是监管最薄弱的一个市场,由于实行场外交易制度,在交易员们决定优先为客户执行交易指令还是让自己的“老鼠仓”受益的时候难免会产生利益冲突。作为做市商,银行为客户报出买价和卖价进行交易,同时利用自有账户控制流动性。包括资产管理机构在内的机构投资者在WM/Reuters收盘之后的一段时间内向银行买卖外汇,通常是在伦敦时间下午4点,这就给了交易员们调整自身头寸并操纵WM/Reuters获取利润的机会。一些指数基金最易受此影响,因为这些基金每天都需要利用WM/Reuters的收盘价与银行做上千笔交易。法律顾问公司Baker & McKenzie LLP的合伙人Arun Srivastava表示,对于外汇交易员们,在即期市场按照当前价格买入一种货币并在两天内完成交割,监管机构并未将这种行为界定为金融工具交易,因此或许很难起诉外汇交易员们操纵市场这一罪证。与Libor的定价不同,WM/Reuters是基于实际下单指令进行交投的收盘汇率,在所有参与全球外汇市场的银行中,有4家银行是主宰者,市场份额按照排名依次是德意志银行(15.2%),花旗银行(14.9%),巴克莱(10.2%)和瑞银(10.1%),上述四家银行发言人拒绝对此置评。盘点近两年来的那些操纵丑闻回顾过去两年以来的新闻,投资者其实可以发现,所面对的这个市场,操纵无处不在。有关操纵事件报道及相关市场:WM/Reuters——汇率Libor——利率Platts——石油现货价格ISDA——CDS摩根大通——电力市场摩根大通——金银高频交易及黑池——股市路易达孚——棉花当然,如果要探根究底,金融机构的一些操纵事件,与各国央行的暗地干预相比,其实还是小巫见大巫。有分析师表示:“我们还知道美联储和全球的其他央行们正在通过零利率和QE等措施全力操纵美债利率曲线,并注入数万亿美元旨在人为创造股市的财富效应。”新手上路成长任务编辑入门编辑规则本人编辑我有疑问内容质疑在线客服官方贴吧意见反馈投诉建议举报不良信息未通过词条申诉投诉侵权信息封禁查询与解封©2024 Baidu 使用百度前必读 | 百科协议 | 隐私政策 | 百度百科合作平台 | 京ICP证030173号 京公网安备110000020000

What Is a Trader, and What Do Traders Do?

What Is a Trader, and What Do Traders Do?

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Investing

Investing

Stocks

Cryptocurrency

Bonds

ETFs

Options and Derivatives

Commodities

Trading

Automated Investing

Brokers

Fundamental Analysis

Markets

View All

Simulator

Simulator

Login / Portfolio

Trade

Research

My Games

Leaderboard

Banking

Banking

Savings Accounts

Certificates of Deposit (CDs)

Money Market Accounts

Checking Accounts

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Budgeting and Saving

Personal Loans

Insurance

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Credit and Debt

Student Loans

Taxes

Credit Cards

Financial Literacy

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News

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Companies

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CD Rates

Mortgage Rates

Economy

Government

Crypto

ETFs

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View All

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Table of Contents

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Table of Contents

The Definition of a Trader

The Role of a Trader

Skill Requirements of Traders

Trading Strategies

Places Where Traders Perform Their Duties

Trader Operations: Institution vs. Own Account

The Type of Information That Traders Use

Becoming a Trader

Salary and Employment Outlook

Frequently Asked Questions

The Bottom Line

Trading

Trading Skills

What Is a Trader, and What Do Traders Do?

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The Definition of a Trader

A trader is an individual who engages in the buying and selling of assets in any financial market, either for themself or on behalf of another person or institution. The main difference between a trader and an investor is the duration for which the person holds the asset. Investors tend to have a longer-term time horizon, while traders tend to hold assets for much shorter periods to capitalize on short-term trends.

Key Takeaways

Traders are individuals who engage in the short-term buying and selling of a financial asset for themselves or an institution such as a bank, brokerage firm, or hedge fund.Traders use a variety of strategies to generate profits, including scalping, day trading, and swing trading.Traders can be contrasted with investors, who seek long-term capital gains rather than short-term profits.

The Role of a Trader

The main objective of a trader is to generate profits by buying at a low price and selling at a higher price. What they buy and sell are financial assets that include stocks, bonds, currencies, commodities, and derivatives. The profit generation is achieved through various approaches such as fundamental, technical and quantitative analyses, which aid in identifying market trends and opportunities.

Traders also manage risks associated with their profession, including market risk, credit risk, and liquidity risk. They may use hedging strategies to mitigate these risks.

Traders play a critical role in providing liquidity to financial markets. Their activities are essential for the smooth functioning of financial markets and the allocation of capital to productive uses.

Skill Requirements of Traders

Traders need to possess several quantitative and qualitative skills to be successful. The skills are a combination of technical, analytical, and behavioral qualities. It is a prerequisite for traders to be experts of the financial markets.

Traders need to have a deep understanding of the asset classes, market dynamics, and various strategies in these markets. Traders have to be analytical. They need to figure out how to process large amounts of data quickly and correctly to make informed decisions about the financial markets in which they trade. Numeracy skills are also important. Traders have to be able to calculate complex financial problems.

Traders also need to be masters of risk management. They must constantly monitor their current and potential positions to ensure that the risks they take are optimal. Traders must effectively use their stop-loss and limit orders to maintain profitability and margins.

Communication is also a key skill for a trader. Their colleagues, clients, bosses, and other stakeholders need to quickly and effectively understand what their trader is saying so that they can make informed decisions. Finally, traders should have high emotional intelligence. Trading is an intense profession, and traders need to effectively manage their emotions in a highly stressful environment.

Trading Strategies

Traders employ many strategies to produce and maintain profitability. Some of these strategies include scalping, day trading, swing trading, event trading, and position trading. It should be noted that no trading strategy is foolproof; there are advantages and disadvantages to any trading strategy. Traders also consider risks when employing their strategies.

Scalping

Scalping entails the buying and selling of financial instruments such as stocks, futures, currencies, and commodities in quick succession, with the goal of producing small gains on the positions. Scalpers attempt to profit from short-term price movements. The time frame that scalp traders hold positions ranges from seconds to minutes. The risk in scalping lies in the quick generation of successive losses rather than gains.

Day Trading

The strategy of day trading involves taking positions in financial assets such as stocks, futures, currencies, and commodities within the same trading day. Day traders tend to hold an abundance of trades over minutes and hours, as they maneuver their transactions through changing market conditions. They tend to amplify their trades through leveraged positions. The use of leverage poses an additional risk for day traders.

Swing Trading

Swing trading involves profiting from short- to medium-term price movements in various financial instruments such as stocks, futures, currencies, or commodities. Unlike scalpers and day traders, swing traders hold their positions for longer time periods. This can be for several days, weeks, or even months and is dependent on the asset, the trend, and the other existing positions of the swing trader.

Generally, swing trading is considered to be less risky than scalping or day trading because swing traders have more time to make decisions. Nonetheless, there are risks involved. News or events can affect the price trends of the swing trader’s portfolio.

Event Trading

The strategy of event trading entails profiting from short-term price movements triggered from a specific economic or financial event such as mergers or acquisitions, earnings releases, regulatory decisions, inflation data, labor market data, or gross domestic product (GDP) data.

Event traders need to execute their positions quickly, seconds before the data release, to profit from the position. Also, event traders tend to use leverage to amplify their profits. The use of leverage comes with additional risks to the strategy.

Position Trading

A position trader or a position trading firm is an individual or entity that buys financial assets for the long term. These professionals hold positions for weeks, months, or even years. The time frame of holding the position is highly dependent on the position trader’s investment thesis as well as the economic and financial market outlook.

With the longer-term view, position trading is considered to be less risky than the other short-term trading strategies, as these traders have more time to endure the short-term price fluctuations.

Places Where Traders Perform Their Duties

Traders tend to work in a variety of places. Those traders who work for themselves may have a home office or may rent one. If that isn’t the case, traders will have roles in investment banks, brokerage firms, proprietary trading firms, asset management firms, hedge funds, or exchanges. Traders may work in the physical office or remotely, depending on the nature of the trading activity and the firm’s policies.

Trader Operations: Institution vs. Own Account

Many large financial institutions have trading rooms where traders are employees who buy and sell a wide range of products on behalf of the company. Each trader is given a limit as to how large of a position they can take, the position’s maximum maturity, and how much of a mark-to-market loss they can have before a position must be closed out. The company has the underlying risk and keeps most of the profit; the trader receives a salary and bonuses.

On the other hand. most people who trade on their own account work from home or in a small office, and they often use a discount broker and electronic trading platforms. Their limits are dependent on their own cash and credit, but they will often keep all profits.

Discount Brokers: An Important Resource for Traders

Discount brokerage firms charge significantly lower commissions per transaction but provide little or no financial advice. Individuals can’t trade directly on a stock or commodity exchange on their own account, so using a discount broker is a cost-effective way to gain access to the markets.

Many discount brokers offer margin accounts, which let traders borrow money from the broker to buy assets. This increases the size of the positions they can take but also increases the potential loss.

Foreign exchange trading platforms match currency buyers and sellers in the spot, forward, and options markets. They sharply increase the amount of price information available to individual traders, thus narrowing price spreads and reducing commissions.

The Type of Information That Traders Use

Traders use a variety of techniques to source information. This is essential to make informed decisions and be profitable in their activities. The types of information that traders access include fundamental, technical, or market timing, noise, and sentiment. With this information, traders can even develop a contrarian view or find arbitrage opportunities.

Fundamental Information

Fundamental information, or fundamentals, refers to data that provide insights into the underlying intrinsic value of the financial asset, such as a stock, bond, future, currency, or commodity.

Fundamentals are generally gleaned from economic, industry-specific, and financial data and include economic data, industry trends, company news and events, and financial statements.

Technical and Market-Timing Information

When using technical and market-timing information, traders analyze past and current market data to spot patterns and trends. This is to anticipate future price movements in assets such as stocks, bonds, futures, currencies, or commodities.

Traders use technical analysis and other market-timing information to identify buying and selling opportunities. They use charting techniques and momentum indicators such as moving averages and oscillators to accomplish this. Examples of market-timing information include economic and financial releases, as well as market sentiment indicators.

Noise Trading

Noise trading involves making decisions on factors that seem to be helpful but would usually generate profits equivalent to a random choice. Some of these factors can include rumors, gossip, or emotions. Noise can create market imbalances that rational traders can profit from. Also, noise traders are often associated with retail or inexperienced investors who lack the necessary tools to profit from trading.

Sentiment

Sentiment refers to the overall view of financial market participants. This can be bullish, neutral, or bearish. These views can be toward the financial markets or various assets such as stocks, currencies, or commodities. Market sentiment can be attributed to factors such as economic and financial data, geopolitical events, or company news.

Sentiment indicators are based on data comprising trading volume, price movements, and news coverage of financial instruments or markets. Sentiment is also developed through the quantification of surveys or polls. The data helps to gauge the level of optimism or pessimism in the financial markets.

Contrarian Trading

Contrarian trading involves analyzing market conditions and taking an opposing side of the prevailing consensus view of the financial markets. This is based on the premise that market participants often overreact to events, leading to significant price movements in financial markets.

Contrarian traders identify overbought or oversold conditions in conjunction with trend reversals. High conviction in the trades are required, as the contrarian view by its very definition is often unpopular.

Successful contrarian traders employ a rigorous analytical process to identify potential opportunities and carefully manage risks to avoid significant losses.

Arbitrage

Arbitrage refers to exploiting price discrepancies between two or more instruments or markets. The assumption calls for taking advantage of mispricing in different markets, buying an asset in one market at a lower price and selling the same asset in another market at a higher price, producing a profit.

These opportunities can occur in stocks, bonds, currencies, and commodities over different exchanges or geographical regions. Arbitrage occurs because of market inefficiencies or temporary imbalances in supply and demand.

Becoming a Trader

Earning a role as a trader in the financial markets can involve a significant amount of preparation, including education, training, and licensing. Most entry-level trading jobs require at least a bachelor's degree, with employers often seeking graduates who have majored in business, economics, and accounting. A master's in business administration (MBA) may be an important qualification for higher-level positions at trading firms.

Companies that hire traders generally offer employee training programs that focus on the business and the particular types of assets sold by the firm. Brokers and investment bankers working with registered firms must obtain a license from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), which involves passing a series of examinations to verify their knowledge of the financial markets. Additional professional certifications such as the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation and the Chartered Market Technician (CMT) designation may expand a trader's opportunities and chances for career advancement.

Salary and Employment Outlook

Many people may be interested in working as a trader because of the possibility of earning a substantial paycheck. For traders working on their own behalf, generating income will depend on implementing a successful trading strategy and effectively managing risk. Meanwhile, traders working for financial firms may earn a base salary with the potential for a substantial bonus based on their performance.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), as of May 2021, the median annual wage came to $62,910 for securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents—a broader category that includes many traders. Those working specifically in securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investments and related activities earn a median annual wage of $98,030.

If that level of income seems attractive, there is good news about the employment outlook for the industry, as predictions call for a healthy availability of jobs over the coming years. The BLS estimates that employment for securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents will grow 10% from 2021 to 2031, exceeding the average for all occupations. While competition for these positions may be intense given the necessary skills involved, the BLS estimates that 46,600 job openings per year in this area over the decade.

Why is trading important in finance?

There are several reasons why trading is important in finance. Trading in financial instruments produces price discovery, generates liquidity, brings out capital flows, and aids in price efficiency. Through trading, market participants converge toward the fair value of financial assets. Also, with trading, liquidity is generated, enabling the quick transfer of stocks, bonds, futures, commodities, and currencies.

What is the difference between trading and investing?

There are two major approaches to the financial markets: trading and investing. While they share some similarities, trading and investing differ in terms of time horizon, risk tolerance, and investment style, as well as approach. Trading is short-term in nature, while investing is long-term in nature. With investing, a more passive approach is taken. Investors will adjust their portfolios occasionally to reflect their long-term goals. Trading is much more active, with the frequent buying and selling of securities.

What are the asset types for traders?

Stocks, bonds, currencies or foreign exchange, options, futures, commodities, cryptocurrencies, and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are the most common type of assets that are traded. The asset class is dependent on the traders’ preference, expertise, and the market in which they operate. Also, traders can choose to specialize in one asset class or more, depending on their goals and skills.

What are the benefits of being a trader?

There are several potential benefits of being a trader. Traders have a high propensity to generate earnings. Traders tend to work in a fast-paced and exciting environment. This would appeal to people who like being in a highly dynamic space. Traders can have the flexibility to work remotely and work nonstandard hours. Traders gain significant exposure to the financial markets, as they have to actively and closely monitor them along with the factors that drive the respective markets.

What are the limitations of being a trader?

In any role, there are advantages and disadvantages. For traders, there are a handful of limitations. Trading can be a high-stress and competitive profession, which isn’t suitable for everyone. There is also a risk of financial loss. Moreover, traders work long hours. When markets are in a downturn, there is a high potential for traders to lose their jobs. To be a successful trader, people often need to attain specialized education, training, and experience, which can be time-consuming and expensive.

The Bottom Line

Trading is a highly skilled profession that provides price discovery and liquidity in a multitude of financial markets, including stocks, bonds, currencies, commodities, or derivatives. Traders can either be entrepreneurs or work for investment banks, hedge funds, or proprietary trading firms. Also, they use various strategies and tools to look for opportunities as well as to exploit market inefficiencies or mispricing.

To gain an edge, traders analyze market data and news, as well as economic and financial indicators. Also, traders may use technical analysis, quantitative models, or algorithms to execute their orders. Traders need to have strong analytical, quantitative, and problem-solving skills. Beyond that, they need to be able to manage risks and work under pressure. Successful traders can make huge sums of money, but trading is also associated with sizable risk and potential losses.

Article Sources

Investopedia requires writers to use primary sources to support their work. These include white papers, government data, original reporting, and interviews with industry experts. We also reference original research from other reputable publishers where appropriate. You can learn more about the standards we follow in producing accurate, unbiased content in our

editorial policy.

ZipRecruiter. “What Is a Trader and How to Become One?”

CMC Markets. “A Trader’s Guide to Scalping.”

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. “Day Trading: Your Dollars at Risk.”

Fidelity. “Swing Trading Setups.”

Capital.com. “What Is Event-Driven Investing?”

CMC Markets. “Trading Strategies Every Trader Should Know.”

SoFi. “What Are Discount Brokers? What to Look for in a Broker,” go to “What Is a Discount Broker?”

Nasdaq. “What Is Contrarian Trading, and How to Do It? Strategies and Tips.”

Harvard Business School Online. “What Is Arbitrage? 3 Strategies to Know.”

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. "How to Become a Securities, Commodities, or Financial Services Sales Agent."

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. "Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents: Pay."

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. "Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents: Job Outlook."

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TRADER中文(简体)翻译:剑桥词典

TRADER中文(简体)翻译:剑桥词典

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trader 在英语-中文(简体)词典中的翻译

tradernoun [ C ] uk

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/ˈtreɪ.dər/ us

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/ˈtreɪ.dɚ/

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C2 a person who buys and sells things

商人,经商者,交易商

a wool/sugar trader

毛料商/糖商

His father is a market trader, selling fruit and vegetables.

他的父亲在市场做生意,贩卖水果和蔬菜。

a person who buys and sells company shares or money

(股票、货币的)交易人

a stock/currency/futures trader

股票/货币/期货交易人

He is a well-known trader on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange.

他是纽约证券交易所有名的交易人。

(trader在剑桥英语-中文(简体)词典的翻译 © Cambridge University Press)

trader的例句

trader

Since agents with short-term perspective create their own evolutionary space where they are able to thrive, the impact of long-term traders remains limited.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

As women became more numerous and ' professional' as traders, they also became more organised.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

On one hand, as more informed traders take speculative positions, more information is incorporated into the prices.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

We assume that the market maker is risk neutral, setting the price in response to excess demands from the traders, without worrying about accumulated inventory.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Taken as a whole, fourteen distinct occupations were recorded amongst the rural traders, compared to twenty-one amongst their urban counterparts.

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The interaction between the traders causes complex dynamics.

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In this market an indirect economic mechanism will be used to slow traders down.

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In addition to armed robbery, these gangs ran protection rackets, extorting money from business people and traders as well as attacking their customers.

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示例中的观点不代表剑桥词典编辑、剑桥大学出版社和其许可证颁发者的观点。

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trader的翻译

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商人,經商者,交易商, (股票、貨幣的)交易人…

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comerciante, vendedor, vendedora…

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業者, 商人…

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commerçant/-e…

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تاجر, کمپنی کے حصص کا تاجر…

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торговець, крамар…

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వస్తువులను కొనుగోలు చేసి విక్రయించే వ్యక్తి, కంపెనీ షేర్లు లేదా డబ్బును కొనుగోలు చేసి విక్రయించే వ్యక్తి…

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تاجِر…

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ব্যবসায়ী, ব্যাপারী…

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상인…

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(brc求职)Sales 和 Trader究竟是一个怎样的职业?进投行前可以了解一下 - 知乎

(brc求职)Sales 和 Trader究竟是一个怎样的职业?进投行前可以了解一下 - 知乎切换模式写文章登录/注册(brc求职)Sales 和 Trader究竟是一个怎样的职业?进投行前可以了解一下AiMu(brc求职)Sales 和 Trader究竟是一个怎样的职业?进投行前可以了解一下一般外资投资银行的具体部门设置和业务分类1投资银行部(Investment Banking Division)直接和发行股票、债券的公司打交道,负责IPO或债券发行的大部分前期工作。有的投行把固定收益部放在投资银行部之外,投资银行部只负责发行股票;但是,大部分投行还是把股票和固定收益合并为投资银行部,只是在投资银行部下面设置Equity Team, Fixed-income Team, Money market Team等等。2资本市场部(Capital Market Division)在投资银行部完成前期准备之后,由资本市场部负责调查买方客户(主要是机构投资者)的需求,确定究竟应该发行多少股票或债券,并确定大致的价格区间。有的投行把销售与交易也放在资本市场部之内;在一般的投行,资本市场部是夹在投资银行部和销售与交易部之间的一层奶酪,发展前途相对较小。3销售与交易部(Sales and Trading Division)在投资银行部和资本市场部完成一切准备工作之后,销售与交易部负责直接与买方客户打交道,顺利圆满地完成股票或债券的销售任务。当股票或债券上市之后,销售与交易部还要负责稳定股价,协商决定是否增发,等等。自营业务(利用投行自由资金进行投资交易)一般也会放在销售交易部进行操作。4另类资产投资部(Prime Brokerage Division)为机构投资者,尤其是共同基金或对冲基金提供经纪服务,主要涉及到金额很大的买卖,与零售经纪有本质的区别。比如买烂尾楼,战略投资等等,基本没有短期操作,投资期限都比较长。目前相对流行的做法是,自营业务(利用投行自有资金交易)一般会放在销售交易部(S&T)进行操作。有的投行把大宗经纪部和销售与交易部放在一起,因为两者的工作性质有很大的相似之处。5兼并收购部(Merge and Acquisition Division)负责对其他公司的兼并与收购业务进行咨询,包括兼并战略,选择兼并对象,确定兼并方式,为兼并收购进行融资,以及帮助被收购对象进行反收购等等。有的投行把兼并收购部放在投资银行部之中。兼并收购部是近年来发展最快的投行部门。6研究部(Research Division)负责为其他部门乃至其他公司提供研究服务,包括股票研究,固定收益研究,兼并收购研究以及宏观经济研究等等。毫不夸张的说,研究部是投行其他部门立足的基础,如果没有研究人员提供的大量资料,IPO和兼并收购都不可能发生。7资产管理部(Asset Management Division)为客户管理资产,主要是管理基金或独立账户,类似于传统的基金公司的工作。二十年前,大部分投行都没有资产管理部,但现在投行业务和基金业务日益融合,有的基金也开始做投行业务;总之,资产管理部是大部分投行目前集中精力发展的部门。8私人股权部(Private Equity Group)利用自有资金或筹集资金进行私人股权投资,即投资于非上市公司,或者对已经上市的公司进行买断,使之变为非上市公司。私人股权业务是近年来投行业务的另一个主要增长点。各个部门总评关键词: 按照薪水优厚程度1. S&T的交易员的收入应该是最高的, 不过sales现在似乎有赶超之势2. 私人股权部3. 投资银行部4. 兼并收购部关键词: 按照发展前途排序1. S & T 销售与交易部2. 研究部3. 投资银行部那么Sales 和 Trading具体是做什么的呢?--- Sales ---银行里的Sales主要是像投资者传递关于证券的信息。比如,当一个股票的走向不如预期的时候,或者当一个公司做出了财报公布的时候,投行的里Sales团队就会向Buy-side(机构投资者)里的Portfolio Manager沟通这些信息。Sales同时也会和公司里的Trader和Research Analysts保持及时沟通,来保证提供给机构投资者最及时、准确、相关的市场信息和流动性报告。---Trading---Traders是整个链条里的最后一环,在对市场的变化做出预测以后,结合客户的需要,代表机构投资者购买和销售证券。他们会密切关注不同种类的证券在市场上的位置,渐渐会成为某个特定种类证券的专家(例如股票,固定收益证券,衍生工具,货币等等),他们购买和销售证券来提高这些证券在市场上的位置。Trader会和其他商业银行,投资银行和大的投资机构里的Trader进行商业往来。Trading的职责包括:Position trading(仓位交易), Riskmanagement(风险管理), Sectoranalysis(行业分析), 和Capital Management(资本管理)进入关键的一步在了解了Sales & Trading之后如何准备面试呢?在走进面试的时候,这三样东西是你必备的。投资理念,对时事的见解,和在脑海中算出平方根的能力。虽然不可能准备好所有可能的Sales & Trading问题,有一些最基本的规律,还是非常需要掌握的。第一轮Sales & Trading面试,通常都会是Fit-based(考量你的性格和经历是否适合)第一轮筛选之后,问题会快速转换到Market-based问题,所以你需要准备大量的和市场有关的问题。这一类的问题,有五大类:1. Tell me about a recent article (or recent trend) you read in the Wall Street Journal.2. Pitch me a stock (or other trading idea).3. If you had $10 million (or other large number), how would you invest it?4. Tell me about major world events.5. Tell me what major indices / commodities / FX rates / bond yields / LIBOR etc. are at and why that’s the case.(brc求职)Sales 和 Trader究竟是一个怎样的职业?进投行前可以了解一下发布于 2020-09-11 17:02投资银行外资投行投行部​赞同 9​​1 条评论​分享​喜欢​收藏​申请

ICT 基础知识:初学者指南 - 知乎

ICT 基础知识:初学者指南 - 知乎切换模式写文章登录/注册ICT 基础知识:初学者指南hunter-m0上市公司,AI人工智能,量化交易,数字货币投资研究员当今最流行的交易理念之一是 ICT 方法。这种交易方式是 Inner Circle Trader 的缩写,被The Strat社区的许多人所使用,它纯粹基于价格行为,几乎不使用趋势跟踪或动量指标。在本文中,我们将回顾 ICT 方法的基本概念,以便您可以开始了解如何在交易中利用它!让我们跳进去吧。关键信息通信技术概念ICT 交易方法包含一些每个交易者必须了解的关键概念,才能利用这种方式的交易。在下面的部分中,我们将讨论关键要点,并展示如何在TrendSpider平台中利用其中一些概念。流动性流动性是 ICT 交易方法中的第一个概念,也可以说是最重要的概念。流动性有两种类型:买方和卖方。买方流动性代表图表上卖空者将设置止损的水平。卖方流动性则恰恰相反。它代表图表上的多头交易者将设置止损的水平。在这两种情况下,这些水平通常处于或接近极端,因为范围的顶部和底部通常被视为交易者“被证明是错误的”区域,因此希望退出交易。“聪明的钱”玩家了解这个概念的本质,并且通常会在许多止损所在的水平附近积累或分配头寸。在某种程度上,正是在关键水平上的大量止损让体型较大的玩家能够充分实现自己的位置。一旦许多止损点被交易通过,价格通常会反转并朝相反的方向发展,在相反的极端寻求流动性。移位简而言之,位移是价格行为中非常有力的变动,导致强大的抛售或买压。一般来说,位移将显示为位于同一方向的单个或一组蜡烛。这些蜡烛通常具有较大的实体和非常短的烛芯,表明买家和卖家之间几乎没有分歧。通常,流动性水平被突破后就会发生置换,并且通常会导致公允价值缺口和市场结构转变的产生。市场结构转变正如许多交易者所知,趋势的基本原理是,在上升趋势中,价格会形成更高的高点和更高的低点,而在下降趋势中,价格会形成更低的高点和更低的低点。市场结构的转变由图表上先前趋势被突破的水平来表示。如果价格处于上升趋势,市场结构转变水平就是更低的低点。如果价格处于下降趋势,市场结构转变水平通常会达到更高高点。在这两种情况下,市场结构的转变往往是在置换之后发生的。一旦价格通过市场结构转变水平进行交易,精明的交易者就会开始寻找趋势实际上已经发生变化的进一步迹象,并使用市场结构转变水平作为交易水平。诱导价格很少直线变动。在更大的趋势中,几乎总是存在反趋势的走势。这些反趋势走势是较短时间范围流动性狩猎的结果。价格将反弹或被拒绝,然后将瞄准先前的短期高点或低点,然后继续与长期趋势相同的方向。诱导具体是将这些短期高点或低点作为可能设置止损的区域。众所周知,流动性存在于大量止损点所在的地方,一旦这些止损点被取消,价格就可以继续沿着之前的方向发展。对于习惯使用图表模式的交易者来说,可以从牛市旗形和熊市旗形的形成中看出诱因。公允价值缺口当价格达到流动性水平然后反转后,通常接下来会发生位移。公允价值缺口是在这种位移中产生的,被定义为市场效率低下或失衡的情况。这些不平衡在图表上通过包含一根大中间蜡烛的三蜡烛序列来可视化,该蜡烛的边界蜡烛的上影线和下影线不重叠。许多交易者对公允价值缺口感兴趣,因为它们可以成为未来价格走势中价格的磁铁。最佳贸易进入最佳交易入场点就是这样;它们代表了进入交易的最佳位置,可以通过使用斐波那契绘图工具来识别它们。在大多数情况下,最佳交易入场点位于扩张区间的 61.8% 和 78.6%回撤位之间。市场结构发生转变并形成新的价格走势后,新的价格走势之后的反弹通常会产生在新的价格走势方向上建仓的机会,这些斐波那契回撤水平可用于确定在哪里应当采取这一立场。平衡的价格范围平衡价格范围是激进上涨后紧接着激进下跌或激进下跌后紧接着激进上涨的结果。在这两种情况之后剩下的本质上是双重公允价值缺口,在价格继续走高或走低之前,它可以充当价格的磁铁。平衡的价格范围有时可以标志着市场结构转变的开始,并且价格通常可以从这些区域重新测试和拒绝。发布于 2023-08-28 16:54・IP 属地湖北量化交易系统开发期货交易​赞同 7​​添加评论​分享​喜欢​收藏​申请

TRADER在剑桥英语词典中的解释及翻译

TRADER在剑桥英语词典中的解释及翻译

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trader 在英语中的意思

tradernoun [ C ] uk

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/ˈtreɪ.dər/ us

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/ˈtreɪ.dɚ/

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C2 a person who buys and sells things: a wool/sugar trader His father is a market trader, selling fruit and vegetables.

a person who buys and sells company shares or money: a stock/currency/futures trader He is a well-known trader on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange.

“SMART 词汇”:相关单词和短语

Traders & entrepreneurs

artist

asset manager

asset-stripper

baron

business person

concessionaire

daigou

entrepreneur

entrepreneurial

entrepreneurialism

magnate

middleman

mompreneur

multi-sided

mumpreneur

promoter

real estate developer

tycoon

white knight

wholesaler

查看更多结果»

你还可以在这些话题中找到相关的词、词组和同义词:

People who buy things

People who sell things

Stock markets

(trader在剑桥高级学习词典和同义词词典中的解释 © Cambridge University Press)

trader | 美式英语词典

tradernoun [ C ] us

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/ˈtreɪ·dər/

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someone who buys and sells goods or services

(trader在剑桥学术词典中的解释 © Cambridge University Press)

trader | 商务英语

tradernoun [ C ] uk

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/ˈtreɪdər/ us

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FINANCE, STOCK MARKET

  US ( UK dealer) a person or company that buys and sells shares, currencies, etc.: It resulted from trading losses in derivatives by a single trader at the firm's Singapore office. a bond/currency/stock trader

COMMERCE a person or business that buys and sells goods: Supermarkets have driven many small traders out of business.

也请参见

day trader

floor trader

foreign exchange trader

free trader

rogue trader

sole trader

(trader在剑桥商务英语词典中的解释 © Cambridge University Press)

trader的例句

trader

Through their activities, bootleg collectors and tape traders explicitly contest the commodification of popular music.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Companies stifled adventuring traders, suppressed free trade, precluded training mariners, brought superfluous commodities into the realm, and caused inflation.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Agents holding money are referred to as money traders or buyers, whereas those with production opportunities are referred to as commodity traders or sellers.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Trading futures and derivatives, it could have been a jungle of aggressive queue jumpers, seeking to trample their fellow traders under foot.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Such solutions are said to be with a bubble, given that traders' expectations necessarily matter.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

The aim of such criteria is often to rule out bubble solutions, that is, paths that are determined in particular by traders' expectations.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Several categories of car traders are identified, who are bound in a shared career perspective.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Intuitively, an increase in the nominal interest rate encourages traders to purchase bonds and to decrease their currency demand.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

The artisanal fishermen supply the local markets and participate, through traders, in more distant, larger fish markets (inland and fish processing).

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

In this market an indirect economic mechanism will be used to slow traders down.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

The exporting traders, who first chose quality, increased their economic power and their regional leadership.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Nonetheless, outright attacks on government were rare; traders and the uncharitable rich bearing the brunt of the criticism.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

While there are labour unions that have attained some successes, farmers, artisans, petty traders and female workers have not organised effectively to demand economic opportunities.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Since agents with short-term perspective create their own evolutionary space where they are able to thrive, the impact of long-term traders remains limited.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

Because women predominate among the ranks of petty traders at the louma, female exchange networks prove helpful when women have difficulties completing domestic tasks.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus

查看trader的所有示例

示例中的观点不代表剑桥词典编辑、剑桥大学出版社和其许可证颁发者的观点。

包含trader的固定搭配

trader

这些词常常与trader一起使用。点击固定搭配,查看更多示例。

active traderTraders who participate in day trading are called active traders or day traders.

来自 Wikipedia

该例句来自维基百科,在CC BY-SA许可下可重复使用。

 

commodity traderA commodity trader who has been matched by means of the costly technology is assured consumption.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus  

grain traderThe only solution is to drop the price of grain and reduce the profits allowed to the grain trader.

来自 Cambridge English Corpus  

示例均来自剑桥英语语料库及网络资源。示例中的观点不代表剑桥词典编辑、剑桥大学出版社和其许可证颁发者的观点。

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C2

trader的翻译

中文(繁体)

商人,經商者,交易商, (股票、貨幣的)交易人…

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中文(简体)

商人,经商者,交易商, (股票、货币的)交易人…

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西班牙语

comerciante, vendedor, vendedora…

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葡萄牙语

comerciante, vendedor, vendedora…

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व्यापारी, वायदे बाजारातील व्यापारी…

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業者, 商人…

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commerçant/-e…

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tüccar…

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comerciant, -a, venedor…

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handelaar…

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பொருட்களை வாங்கி விற்கும் நபர், நிறுவனத்தின் பங்குகள் அல்லது பணத்தை வாங்கி விற்கும் நபர்…

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(चीजें खरीदने और बेचने वाला) व्यापारी, (शेयर या मुद्रा) व्यापारी…

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વેપારી, વસ્તુઓ ખરીદવા અને વેચવાનો ધંધો કરતો વ્યક્તિ, કંપનીનાં શેરો કે નાણાંની લે-વેચ કરતી વ્યક્તિ…

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handelsmand…

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köpman…

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pedagang…

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der Händler / die Händlerin…

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næringsdrivende, handelsmann…

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تاجر, کمپنی کے حصص کا تاجر…

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торговець, крамар…

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వస్తువులను కొనుగోలు చేసి విక్రయించే వ్యక్తి, కంపెనీ షేర్లు లేదా డబ్బును కొనుగోలు చేసి విక్రయించే వ్యక్తి…

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تاجِر…

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ব্যবসায়ী, ব্যাপারী…

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obchodník, -ice…

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pedagang…

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ผู้ค้า…

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thương gia…

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przedsiębiorca, handlowiec, gracz (giełdowy)…

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상인…

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negoziante, commerciante…

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traded

traded option

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trader

Trades Union Congress

tradesman

tradesman's entrance

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day trader

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proprietary trader

trader, at dealer

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